Internal-combustion motor.



W/ZYTZZEEE 55 A. WINTON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4. 1915.

1,243,908.. Patented Oct. 23,1917.

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QOZOZM i M A! WINTON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED-FEB. 4. 1915. 1,243,908, Patented Oct. 23,1917.

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A. WINTON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4. I9I5- 1,243,998 Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

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ALEXANDER WINTON, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 23, 1917.

Application filed February 4, 1915. Serial No. 5,995.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER WINTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lakewood, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to internal combustion motors and particularly to that type using fuel oil.

More specifically the invention relates to fuel feeding mechanism comprising a plurality of fuel feed pumps one for each cylinder adapted to be controlled as to the .amount of fuel fed by each pump by suitable cut-ofl valve mechanism under the control of the governor and arranged in a manner to cut off the supply after the pump has drawn in the proper amount of fuel on the suction stroke and thereby insure the proper control of the feeding of the fuel.

The invention may be further briefly summarized as consisting in the construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth in the following description, drawings and claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a multiple cylinder engine provided with my device; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view partly in elevation and partly in section showing the pump mechanism; Fig. 3 is an end view; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the inlet valve mechanism with its operating mechanism shown; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the lower portion of the cut-off valve member with the bottom cover removed; Fig. 6 is a detail view in section showing the arrangement of the valves of the fuel pump; Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the action of the cut-off valve with respect to the stroke of the pump, showing the cut-off valve in its position when the pump is taking fuel for the full stroke; Fig. 8 is a similar diagrammatic view showing the parts in position where the pump takes fuel for a portion of its stroke; and Fig. 9 is another diagrammatic view showing the position of the parts where the pump is receiving no fuel throughout its stroke, or in other words, when the fuel is cut off from the engine entirely.

In carrying out the invention any preferred form and construction of parts may be employed so long as they possess the necessary characteristics, but I have shown one arrangement which is efiective, and in such embodiment, 1 represents a suitable base which forms a part of and supports a crank case 2 of any preferred construction. This crank case supports the cylinders 3, each of which is provided with main air and eX- haust valve mechanism, not illustrated since these elements are of any preferred construction. Mounted upon the crank case is an upwardly extending governor shaft casing 4 adaptedto support a suitable governor 5 ofany preferred type, but provided with a grooved collar 6 adapted to be moved upward by the action of the governor. This governor may be set in any suitable position by an arm 7 operatively connected to a controlling lever 8 provided with a slot 9 adapted to receive the shank l0'of an adjusting screw 11. The grooved governor collar 6 receives the end 12 of a lever 13 which is connected to the fuel feeding mechanism to be described.

The fuel feeding mechanism \comprises a casing 14 secured to the engine in any preferred manner, and provided with a longitudinally disposed shaft 15 having thereon within the casing suitable eccentrics 16 engaging in eccentric straps 17, there being one eccentric and one strap for each cylinder. This shaft is driven by a suitable gear 18 connected preferably to the cam shaft of the engine and operating at half engine speed. Arranged in the lower part of the casing are pump barrels 19, one for each eccentric and each adapted to receive a plunger 20 assing through a stufling box 21 and pivotally connected to a pin 22 passlng through ears 23 on the corresponding eccentric strap. Each pump barrel communicates with a supply and discharge port 24 which in turn communicates by means of openings 25, 26 and 27 with an opening 28 in a discharge block 29, the openings .26 and 27 being in intermediate blocks 30 and 31 respectively. Each discharge opening receives a connection 32 which in turn receives a pipe 33 leading to the inlet valve mechanism of the corresponding cylinder. Each of the ports 25, 26 and 27 is provided with a check valve 34: to prevent the back flow of liquid into the pump barrel upon the suction stroke. The supply and exhaust port 2 is connected by a port 35 with an opening 36 in an inlet check valve block 37 this opening being provided with an inlet check valve 38. Connected to this block37 is an inlet block 39 provided with an opening 39 having an opening 40 communicating with the opening 36 and this opening communicates with a supply pipe 41 leading to cutoff mechanism to be described. A check valve 42 is arranged in the opening 40 and assists the check valve 38 in preventing the backward flow of fuel to the supply on the discharge stroke of the pump.

The details of this pump are set forth only for'the purpose of illustrating a type of fuel feed pump which may be utilized with my invention, and it is obvious that any desired form or construction may be employed in its stead.

Each cylinder is provided with a fuel feed valve of any suitable construction, but I have shown one arrangement wherein it comprises a valve casing 43 having a central longitudinally disposed opening 44 connected by a port 45 with any suitable source of compressed air supply, as for example, a pump or an air bottle. This opening is restricted at 46 for the purpose of guiding the valve stem as will appear, and above this point is a suitable stuffing box sleeve 47 which receives a stufling box structure 48 of any approved type. The lower end of the casing is bored out to form a mixing chamber 49 and again enlarged and threaded to form a plug-receiving portion 50. To one side of the opening 44 the casing 43 is provided with a. longitudinally disposed fuel port 51 extending to a point near the upper part of the casing where it is provided with a port 52 connected to the pipe 33 of the corresponding fuel feed pump already described. The lower end of this port communicates by a transverse port 53 with the mixing chamber. Arranged in the mixing chamber is a fuel and air mixer block 54 provided with an annular recess 55 in its periphery in alinement with the port 33. This block is bored out to correspond to the bore of the opening 44, and this central opening communicates by diagonal ports 56 with the annular recess 55, so that the fuel passing in through the port 53 into the annular space 55 is fed through the diagonal ports 56 into the center of the mixing block. This block is held in place by the threaded shank 57 of a plug 58. This plug is bored out to form an opening 59 which is reduced at the outer end and is there provided with a valve seat 60. Within the opening 59 is a plurality of mixing cups comprising cylindrical portions 61 and inwardly extending flanges 62, each of which is provided with suitable openings 63 for breaking up the fuel and mingling it with the air. Each of the flanges has a central opening for receiving a valve 'stem 64 provided with a valve 65 at its lower end coiiperating with the seat naaaeoe 60. This stem 64 extends up through the entire mechanism and through the stufling box where it is provided with an annular recess 66 for receiving the usual split collar 67 adapted to engage within the thrust spring washer 68. A spring 69 engages between this washer and the nut of the stuffing box. The extreme upper end of the valve stem 64 is provided with a hardened cap 69 which is adapted to be engaged by a screw 70 adjustably mounted in a rocker arm 71 pivoted upon a pin 72 sup'portedin a bracket 73 secured to the upper part of the engine. The opposite end of this rocker arm is provided with a friction roller 74 engaging a cam 75 mounted upon a cam shaft or any other revolving part.

Secured to the end of the casing 14 is a casing 7 6 which receives the projected end 78 of the shaft 15. This shaft is provided with a spiral pinion 79 adapted to mesh with a long spiral pinion 80 formed on the periphery of a slidable sleeve 81 mounted in a bearing 82 in the top of the casing'76. This sleeve is provided internally with a key-way 83 receiving a key 84 secured in a vertically disposed shaft 85 which extends downward in the casing and is mounted in a suitable bearing arranged in a bracket 86 formed within the casing. Collars 87 and 88, arranged one above and one below the bracket 86, support the shaft 85 vertically. The lower end of this shaft projects through a suitable stuffing box structure 89, arrangedin a cut-off valve block 90, and into a valve hub recess 91 arranged centrally in the valve block. The lower face of the valve block is finished to form a valve seat 92 and extending to this face are valve ports 93 arranged in a concentric group and located 60 apart. Each of these ports 93 communicates by a radially extending port 94 with a connection 95 which is in turn connected to the supply pipe 41 of the corresponding fuel pump. Engaging this face 92 is a cut-off valve 96 in the form of a disk cut-out at 97 to form a cutting-off shoulder 98 which is adapted toniove over the ports 93 in succession as the disk rotates. This disk is provided with an upwardly extending hollow hub 99 which receives the end of the shaft 85 and is connected thereto by a key 100.

Secured to the bottom face of the valve block 90 outside of the valve seat 92 is a valve cover 101 held in place by suitable screws 102 and having at the center thereof a hollow extension 103, a spring 104 being arranged in this extension and engaging a ball 105 which is forced against the valve disk 96 holding the cut-off valve against its seat. The cover 101 is provided with a port 106 receiving a supply connection 107 in turn receiving a supply pipe 108 adapted to receive fuel under pressure from the supply tank 109 containing fuel under pressure. In order to equalize the pressure within the opening of the hollow hub 99 and below the valve disk a suitable port 110 is provided in the disk.

In order to raise and lower the slidable sleeve 81 a groove 111 is provided near the upper end thereof, and this groove is engaged 'by a suitable coupling comprising half portions 112 and 113, held. together by a screw 114. This opening receives a rod 115 pivotally connected to the governor lever 13.

In order to set forth the proper operation of the-mechanism, I have shown three diagrammatic views, Figs. 7 8 and 9, setting forth the relationship of the cut-off valve to the suction stroke of the pump, and these parts will now be described. 116 represents the valve seat having a pump supply port 117; 118 represents the cut-off valve overlapping the port 117 and provided with a cut-oil shoulder 119; the pump stroke is produced by a crank 120, these three parts being mounted upon a single shaft or pivot 121 for the sake of clearness.

Assuming that the pump shaft is operating in a clockwise direction at half engine speed, and that the suction stroke of the pump is represented by the movement of the crank from the full line position in Fig. 7 to the dotted line position and that the cut-off valve disk is set so that the cut-off shoulder 119 is just back of the end of the crank, coincident therewith or slightly in advance thereof, then as the parts rotate in the direction of the arrows, the crank will produce a complete suction stroke when it reaches its dotted line position, and it will have obtained the maximum supply of fuel, since the inlet opening to the corresponding fuel feed pump has remained open at end of the entire stroke. This will give the maximum supply of fuel to the engine since the pump on its discharge stroke will force its charge to the fuel valve of the corresponding cylinder.

Assuming that the speed of the eng ine is to be reduced from this maximum speed, just described, then the relative position of the cut-0E disk with respect to the pump crank is varied, and the cut-off shoulder is advanced in the direction of the rotation of the parts, so that before the crank has completed the pump stroke, the fuel supply port to that pump has been lapped by the cutoff valve disk and further supply of fuel to that particular pump is prevented. This cutting off of the supply may obviously be varied from maximum feed to minimum or no feed, which is the arrangement shown in 4 Fig. 9, where the cut-off shoulder 119 has lapped the port before the pump crank has started on its suction stroke, when the pump crank will complete the stroke of 1ts pump without any fuel having been admitted thereto.

The above description of the portion of the cut-off valve and the illustrations set forth in the diagrammatic views have been simplified by reducing the number of ports, but it is obvious that the mechanism will operate with several ports in the member gears is such that a counter-clockwise rotation is conveyed to the cut-off valve, and this causes the cut-off shoulder of this valve the arrangement of the teeth of the spiral to move toward the point of maximum throw sleeve 81 to move downward, with the result that the cut-off valve is rotated clockwise, or in this instance, in the same direction as the pump eccentric, so that the cutoff shoulder laps the port and cuts 01f the supply of fuel before the pump completes its suction stroke, the extent of the relative movement of the cut-ofi' valve with respect to the pump eccentric depending upon the extent to which the sleeve is lowered, the maximum movement in a downward direction of the sleeve producing the minimum or no suppl of fuel to the pump.

It might e stated for the sake of a clearer understanding of the device that any exposure of the port whether it occurs near the end of the pump stroke or not is suflicient to permit the pump barrel to fill up to the plunger by reason of the pressure behind the fuel and further by reason of the fact that a partial vacuum may have been formed by the pump plunger, moving upward before the port is exposed by the cutoff portion of the valve moving over the port, that is for example, referring to Fig. 7 it will be seen that the port is lapped by a solid portion of the valve for a part of the suction stroke of the pump, with the result that a partial vacuum will be produced in the barrel until this solid portion of, the valve moves off of the port, when the fuel under pressure will pass in to the barrel and fill it up to the plunger. It might be said that the pump barrel and the plunger form a variable measuring device for the volume of fuel to be fed, the element which determines what this volume shall be being the cut-off valve in its action in lapping the port; for example for a half stroke the valve laps the port and cuts oif the supply when the plunger has reached half suction stroke,

ceiving stroke, a. fuel supply, connecting.

means normally free to permit the unrestricted flow of fuel to the pump during the receiving stroke, means for interrupting such free flow of fuel during the receiving stroke to the predetermined charge, and a controller for such interrupting means.

2. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a piston, a pump having a constant receiving stroke, a fuel supply, connecting means normally free to permit the unrestricted flow of fuel to the pump during the receiving stroke, said connecting means being closed to the atmosphere, means for interrupting such free flow of fuel during the receiving stroke to the predetermined charge, and a controller for such interrupting means.

3. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a piston, a pump having a constant receiving stroke, a fuel supply under pressure, connecting means normally free to permit the. unrestricted flow of fuel to the displacement device during the receiving stroke, means for interrupting such free flow of fuel during the receiving stroke to the predetermined charge, and a controller for such interrupting means.

4. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, fuel feeding mechanism comprising a pump operating in unvarying cycles, means for operating said pump, a discharge leading from said pump to the cylinder, a fuel source, direct fiow connections between said source and said pump, cut-0E mechanism therein comprising a casing having a port connected with the inlet of the pump, a main supply connected to said casing, a valve in said casing having a cutting-0E portion cooperating with the pump supply port, means for moving said valve to permit the flow of fuel to the pump during the suction stroke and limiting such ingress of fuel to the proper amount of fuel for a charge, and means for varying the relationship of the cutting-off portion of said valve and the stroke of the pump.

5. In an internal combustion motor, a plurality of cylinders, an independent fuel pump for each cylinder, a discharge leading from each pump to its corresponding cylinder, an inlet for each pump, cut-off valve mechanism comprising a casing having a fuel supply port for each fuel pump and connected therewith, a cut-ofl' valve having a cut-0E portion cooperating with all of said naaaeos ports, means for moving said valve in step with the fuel pumps, and means for varying the timing of the valve in its cooperation with the pump fuel feed ports whereby only the proper amount of fuel for a charge is permitted to flow to each pump.

6. In an internal combustion motor, a lurality of cylinders, an independent uel pump for each cylinder, a discharge leading from each pump to its corresponding cylinder, an inlet for each pump, out off valve mechanism comprising a casing having a fuel supply port for each fuel pump and connected therewith, a cut off valve having a cut oif portion cooperating with all of said ports, means for moving said valve in step with the fuel pumps, means for varying the timing of the valve in its cooperation with the pumpfuel feed ports whereby only the proper amount of fuel for a charge is permitted to flow to each pump, and a device responsive to speed variations for control"- ling the time varying means.

7. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a pump, a discharge leading from off member, said parts being susceptible of arrangement whereby the time of the cut-off of the cut-off member is varied with respect to the suction stroke of the pump, and means for controlling the relationship of the said members.

8. Inan internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a pump, a discharge leading from said pump to the cylinder, means for-supplying fuel under pressure to said pump, cut-off mechanism arranged in the supply for positively regulating the amount of fuel flowing to the pump and hence to the cylinder, said mechanism including a part operating synchronously with the pump, driving mechanism for the pump and for said cut-ofi' memher, said parts being susceptible of arrangement whereby the time of the cut-off of the cut-ofi member is varied with respect to the suction stroke of the pump, and means for controlling the relationship of said members.

9. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a pump, a discharge leading from said pump to the cylinder, means for supplying fuel to said pump, cut-off mechanism in the supply to said pump and including a member moving synchronously with the pump stroke, driving mechanism including members for producing the synchronous operation of the pump and the cut-ofl' member, one of said driving members being adapted for operation to vary the time of operation of the cut-off with respect to the suction stroke of the pump, and means for shifting said member.

10. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a pump, a discharge leading from said pump to the cylinder, means for supplying fuel to said pump, cut-off mechanism in the supply to said pump andincluding a member moving synchronously with the pump stroke, driving mechanism including suitable gears adapted to. produce the synchronous operation of the pump and the cutoff member, said gears having engaging parts of a type such that upon the shifting of one with respect to the other the time of operation of the cut-off member is varied with respect to the suction stroke of the pump, and means for shifting one of said gears bodily.

11. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a pump, a discharge leading from said pump to the cylinder, means for supplying fuel to said pump, cut-0E mechanism in the supply of said pump and comprising a cut-off valve, driving gears for the pump and the cut-ofi valve, the latter being set to cut off the supply during the suction stroke of the pump and said gears having engaging parts of a type such that upon the shifting of one with respect to the other, the time of the cut-ofi' of said valve is varied with respect to the suction stroke of the pump, and means for shifting the shiftable gear.

12. In an internal combustion motor, a plurality of cylinders, a pump for each cylinder, a discharge leading from each pump to its corresponding cylinder, means for supplying fuel to each pump, cut-0E mechanism in the supply. to each pump comprising a cut-off valve, spiral gearing for the pumps and said valve, one of said gears being bodily movable with respect to the other,

. gearing between the pumps and said valve,

one of said gears being bodily movable with respect to the other, said movement producing a variation in the timing of .the cut-ofi' operation with respect to the pump stroke, a governor, and connections between the governor and said movable gear.

14. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a closed fuel pump, connections between the fuel pump and the cylinder, a supply for the fuel leading to said pump, cut-off mechanism in the supply for controlling the amount of fuel passing to the pump, means for actuating said cut-off mechanism and arranged to be varied to cut off the supply of fuel to said pump before it has completed its suction stroke.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER VVIN'ION.

Witnesses:

W. A. MCKINSTRY, C. D. SALISBURY. 

